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Blutgase 4
Eisen 8
- Gesamteisenbindungskapazität (TIBC)
- Cleveland Clinic / StatPearls (NIH) — reference lab interval ↗
- Hepcidin
- laboratory reference interval ↗Asian J Transfus Sci 2023 (PMC10180798) — Indian blood donor reference range, men ↗Asian J Transfus Sci 2023 (PMC10180798) — Indian blood donor reference range, women ↗
- Löslicher Transferrinrezeptor (sTfR)
- Larsson et al., Int J Lab Hematol 2021 (Roche Cobas reference intervals) ↗
- Transferrin
- StatPearls (NCBI Bookshelf, NIH) ↗
- Transferrinsättigung
- Reference lab interval (Wikipedia / Mayo Clinic Labs typical adult range) ↗AAFP - Hereditary Hemochromatosis: Rapid Evidence Review (2021) ↗
- UIBC (latente Eisenbindungskapazität)
- DiaSys Diagnostic Systems (UIBC assay reference ranges) ↗
Elektrolyte 11
- Anionenlücke (berechnet)
- StatPearls (NCBI Bookshelf), Biochemistry, Anion Gap ↗
- Bikarbonat (HCO3-)
- National Kidney Foundation ↗
- Chlorid
- MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia (NIH/NLM) — Chloride test - blood ↗MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia (NIH/NLM) ↗
- Ionisiertes Kalzium
- laboratory reference interval ↗StatPearls (NCBI Bookshelf) - Hypocalcemia ↗acutecaretesting.org - Ionized calcium ↗
- Kalium
- NCBI Clinical Methods (Serum Potassium) / reference lab serum interval ↗Cleveland Clinic (Hypokalemia) ↗UK Kidney Association / European Resuscitation Council ↗
- Kalzium (gesamt)
- Helix (lab reference intervals)Merck Manual Professional (hypocalcemia & hypercalcemia thresholds) ↗Merck Manual Professional (Hypocalcemia) ↗Merck Manual Professional ↗Merck Manual Professional (Hypercalcemia) ↗
- Magnesium
- Helix (lab reference intervals)Merck Manual Professional Edition — Overview of Disorders of Magnesium Concentration ↗
- Natrium
- University of Rochester Medical Center Health Encyclopedia (Sodium Blood) ↗University of Rochester Medical Center Health Encyclopedia ↗
- Osmolalität im Urin
- OHSU Lab Services (Osmolality, Urine) ↗
- Phosphat (PO4)
- Merck Manual Professional Edition (Hypophosphatemia / Hyperphosphatemia) ↗Merck Manual Professional Edition (Hypophosphatemia) ↗Merck Manual Professional Edition ↗Merck Manual Professional Edition (Hyperphosphatemia) ↗
- Serumosmolalität
- StatPearls (NCBI Bookshelf, NIH) ↗
Entzündung 7
- BSG
- NCBI StatPearls — Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (Westergren method) ↗NCBI StatPearls — Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate ↗
- C-reaktives Protein (CRP)
- laboratory reference interval ↗Cleveland Clinic Laboratories ↗
- GDF-15 (Wachstumsdifferenzierungsfaktor 15)
- Reference ranges for GDF-15 in a large general population cohort (Clinical Chemistry, PMC9524804) ↗
- Hochsensitives C-reaktives Protein (hs-CRP)
- laboratory reference interval ↗NIH/PMC — The Use of High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein in Clinical Practice (CDC/AHA cutpoints) ↗
- Neutrophilen-Lymphozyten-Verhältnis (NLR, berechnet)
- Forget et al. 2017, BMC Research Notes (normal NLR in healthy adults) ↗
Glukosestoffwechsel 14
- 2-Stunden-Glukose (oGTT)
- American Diabetes Association, Standards of Care in Diabetes—2026 (Diagnosis and Classification) ↗American Diabetes Association, Standards of Care in Diabetes—2026 ↗
- Adiponektin
- Cleveland Clinic ↗
- Blutzucker (Gerät)
- HealthFlow
- Glukose (Gelegenheitsmessung)
- Common laboratory/clinical reference range for casual (random) plasma glucose ↗American Diabetes Association, Standards of Care in Diabetes 2026 (Diagnosis and Classification) ↗
- Glutamatdecarboxylase-65-Antikörper (GAD-65)
- Kronus GAD65 Antibody ELISA (FDA-cleared assay), as reported by reference laboratories ↗
- HbA1c (Langzeitblutzucker)
- American Diabetes Association, Standards of Care in Diabetes (Diagnosis and Classification) ↗American Diabetes Association, Standards of Care in Diabetes ↗
- HOMA-IR (berechnet)
- NHANES (via MDCalc) ↗
- Insulin (nüchtern)
- HealthMatters.io (lab-population reference interval) ↗
- Leptin-Adiponektin-Quotient
- Frühbeck et al., Adipocyte 2018 (PMC5915018) ↗
- Nüchternglukose
- Helix (lab reference intervals)American Diabetes Association — Standards of Care in Diabetes 2026 (Diagnosis and Classification) ↗American Diabetes Association — Standards of Care 2026 ↗American Diabetes Association — Standards of Care 2026 / WHO ↗
- Proinsulin (intakt)
- University of Iowa Department of Pathology Laboratory Services Handbook ↗
Hämatologie 41
- Absolute Lymphozyten
- laboratory reference interval ↗NCBI StatPearls (NIH) — Lymphocytosis ↗
- Antithrombin III
- University of Rochester Medical Center Health Encyclopedia ↗
- aPTT
- laboratory reference interval ↗University of Rochester Medical Center - Health Encyclopedia (aPTT) ↗
- Basophile absolut
- StatPearls (NCBI Bookshelf) - Normal and Abnormal Complete Blood Count With Differential ↗StatPearls (NCBI Bookshelf) - Basophilia ↗
- Eosinophile (absolut)
- Helix (lab reference intervals)StatPearls (NCBI Bookshelf) — Eosinophilia ↗
- Eosinophile %
- Helix (lab reference intervals)
- Erythropoetin (EPO)
- UCSF Health ↗
- Erythrozyten (rote Blutkörperchen)
- MedlinePlus (NIH) RBC count ↗
- Faktor-VIII-Aktivität
- National Bleeding Disorders Foundation (bleeding.org) ↗
- Fibrinogen
- MedlinePlus (NIH) ↗
- Glucose-6-Phosphat-Dehydrogenase (G6PD), quantitativ
- Cura4U Lab Tests ↗
- Hämatokrit
- Medscape (StatPearls / reference lab interval) ↗WHO 2016 polycythemia vera criteria (via StatPearls) ↗
- Hämoglobin
- Helix (lab reference intervals)Invitro (lab reference intervals)WHO Guideline on haemoglobin cutoffs to define anaemia (2024) ↗WHO Guideline on haemoglobin cutoffs to define anaemia (severity method, 2024) ↗
- Haptoglobin
- UCSF Health ↗
- INR
- StatPearls (NCBI Bookshelf), International Normalized Ratio: Assessment, Monitoring, and Clinical Implications ↗StatPearls (NCBI Bookshelf) ↗
- MCH (mittleres korpuskuläres Hämoglobin)
- Helix (lab reference intervals)StatPearls (NCBI Bookshelf) — Normal and Abnormal Complete Blood Count With Differential ↗StatPearls (NCBI Bookshelf) — Complete Blood Count With Differential ↗
- MCHC
- Wikipedia (Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration), citing standard blood-test reference ranges ↗
- MCV
- Helix (lab reference intervals)StatPearls (NCBI Bookshelf) / Cleveland Clinic ↗StatPearls (NCBI Bookshelf) ↗
- Monozyten %
- StatPearls (NCBI Bookshelf, NIH) — Normal and Abnormal Complete Blood Count With Differential ↗
- Monozyten absolut
- Cleveland Clinic ↗MSD Manual Professional Edition (Monocytopenia) ↗Cleveland Clinic (Monocytosis) ↗
- MPV (Mittleres Thrombozytenvolumen)
- Cleveland Clinic ↗
- Neutrophile absolut
- Lab reference interval (catalog); clinical threshold per StatPearls/NCBI ↗StatPearls / NCBI Bookshelf (Neutropenia) ↗
- P-LCR (Anteil großer Thrombozyten)
- Helix (lab reference intervals) ↗
- PDW (Thrombozytenverteilungsbreite)
- Analyzer/lab-dependent (no guideline standard); PMC review (Moli-Family cohort) ↗
- Protein-C-Aktivität
- OHSU Laboratory Services (Oregon Health & Science University) ↗
- Protein-S-Aktivität
- UCSF Health / MedlinePlus (consumer reference) ↗
- Prothrombinzeit (PT)
- laboratory reference interval ↗
- RDW
- Helix (lab reference intervals)
- Retikulozyten %
- Cleveland Clinic ↗
- Retikulozyten absolut
- Lab-reported reference interval (catalog); adult percentage range per Cleveland Clinic and StatPearls/NCBI ↗
- Thrombinzeit (TZ)
- University Hospitals Health Library; Wikipedia (Thrombin time) ↗
- Thrombokrit
- Analyzer reference interval (hematology analyzers, generally accepted; not from Helix harvest)
- Von-Willebrand-Faktor-Aktivität (Ristocetin-Cofaktor)
- Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine — von Willebrand disease: A guide for the internist (2024) ↗ASH/ISTH/NHF/WFH 2021 VWD Guidelines (How I treat low VWF, Blood) ↗
- Von-Willebrand-Faktor-Antigen (VWF:Ag)
- ASH/ISTH/NHF/WFH 2021 Guidelines on the Diagnosis of von Willebrand Disease (Blood Advances) ↗ASH/ISTH/NHF/WFH 2021 Guidelines on the Diagnosis of von Willebrand Disease ↗
- Weiße Blutkörperchen (Leukozyten, WBC)
- Merck Manual (Consumer Version) ↗
Herz 14
- ADMA/SDMA (asymmetrisches und symmetrisches Dimethylarginin)
- Schwedhelm et al., PLOS ONE meta-analysis of 66 studies (5,528 healthy adults), HPLC method ↗
- F2-Isoprostane
- Petrosino et al., validated UHPLC-MS/MS reference range study (Free Radical Biology and Medicine) ↗
- Herzfrequenz
- American Heart Association ↗Cleveland Clinic ↗
- Hochsensitives Troponin
- MedicineNet (reference lab values); ACC (99th percentile is assay-specific, not standardized) ↗
- Homocystein
- NCBI StatPearls (Hyperhomocysteinemia) ↗
- Koronarer Kalzium-Score (CAC)
- Cleveland Clinic ↗
- Lipoprotein-assoziierte Phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2)
- AAFP (American Family Physician) — PLAC Test for Lp-PLA2 Activity to Predict Coronary Heart Disease ↗AAFP — PLAC Test for Lp-PLA2 Activity ↗AAFP — PLAC Test for Lp-PLA2 Activity (manufacturer cutoff 225 nmol/min/mL) ↗
- Myeloperoxidase (MPO)
- Association of chronic neutrophil activation with risk of mortality, PLOS ONE 2023 (Cleveland HeartLab standard cutoffs) ↗PLOS ONE 2023 / Cleveland HeartLab standard cutoffs ↗
- NT-proBNP
- laboratory reference interval ↗Heart Failure Association of the ESC clinical consensus statement (NT-proBNP algorithms) ↗
- Omega-3-Index (OmegaCheck)
- OmegaQuant ↗
- Trimethylamin-N-oxid (TMAO)
- Cleveland Clinic — Blood Tests to Determine Risk of Coronary Artery Disease ↗Cleveland HeartLab / Quest Diagnostics (commercial lab reference) ↗Cleveland HeartLab / Quest Diagnostics (commercial lab reference, as published by walkinlab/truehealthlabs)
Hormone 26
- 17-Hydroxyprogesteron (17-OHP)
- MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia (NIH) ↗University of Michigan MLabs ↗UCSF Health ↗
- Aldosteron
- University of Michigan MLabs ↗
- Aldosteron-Renin-Quotient (ARQ)
- Wikipedia (Aldosterone-to-renin ratio) ↗
- AMH (Anti-Müller-Hormon)
- laboratory reference interval ↗Yoo et al., age-specific serum AMH in Korean women (PMC3283054) ↗
- Cortisol (morgens)
- NCBI/NIH clinical reference (morning serum cortisol, 8 AM, healthy adults) ↗NCBI/NIH clinical reference ↗
- DHT, frei (Gleichgewichtsdialyse)
- Labcorp Endocrine Expected Values (Specialty Testing) — Test 504026, Dihydrotestosterone (DHT), Free, LC/MS/Dialysis ↗Labcorp (Test 504026, Free DHT by equilibrium dialysis)
- Dihydrotestosteron (DHT)
- Lab-method reference interval (LC-MS/MS); no single guideline-defined cutoff exists ↗
- Estradiol
- Helix (lab reference intervals)University of Iowa Health Care — Clinical Laboratory Handbook (Estradiol E2) ↗hardcoded_v3
- Estradiol, sensitiv (LC/MS-MS)
- HealthMatters.io (Estradiol, Ultrasensitive, LC/MS reference intervals) ↗HealthMatters.io (Estradiol, Ultrasensitive, LC/MS) ↗
- IGF-1
- University of Rochester Medical Center / University of Iowa Health Care lab reference intervals ↗
- LH (luteinisierendes Hormon)
- University of Iowa Health Care Laboratory Test Handbook ↗
- Plasma-Renin-Aktivität
- University of Iowa Diagnostic Laboratories (Pathology Handbook, Mayo-derived ranges) ↗
- Pregnenolon
- Warde Medical Laboratory ↗
- Progesteron
- North Bristol NHS Trust (Severn Pathology) / LabCorp phase-specific reference intervals ↗
- Prolaktin
- Roche Cobas prolactin assay reference intervals (manufacturer)
- SHBG
- University of Florida Pathology Laboratories (reference lab interval) ↗University of Florida Pathology Laboratories ↗
- Testosteron, frei
- laboratory reference interval ↗University of Iowa Health Care - Pathology Handbook (Free Testosterone, Adult) ↗Framingham Heart Study calculated free testosterone reference (PMC3146796) ↗
- Testosteron, gesamt
- Endocrine Society (Testosterone Therapy in Men With Hypogonadism, 2018 Clinical Practice Guideline) ↗
- Wachstumshormon (GH)
- UF Health (University of Florida Health) ↗
Immunologie 18
- ANA-Titer
- ARUP Laboratories / Medscape (ANA by EIA reference range)
- Anti-dsDNA-Antikörper (Doppelstrang-DNA)
- Catalog (lab-reported, assay-dependent cutoff) ↗
- ASO-Titer
- Helix (lab reference intervals)Medscape (eMedicine) / Labpedia.net ↗
- Deamidiertes Gliadin-Peptid (DGP) IgG
- University of Iowa Health Care, Department of Pathology Laboratory Handbook (Gliadin Deamidated IgG) ↗University of Iowa Health Care, Department of Pathology Laboratory Handbook ↗
- Eosinophiles kationisches Protein (ECP)
- Catalog lab-reported value (no professional-society guideline defines a single ECP reference threshold)
- Gesamt-IgE
- Helix (lab reference intervals)University of Florida Pathology Laboratories ↗
- Gewebstransglutaminase (tTG) IgG
- Mayo Clinic Laboratories / Labcorp (assay-specific cutoff)University of Iowa Health Care Pathology Handbook (Celiac Disease Panel, tTG antibody cutoff) ↗
- IgA (Immunglobulin A)
- Helix (lab reference intervals)Cleveland Clinic ↗
- IgG (Immunglobulin G)
- Rotterdam Study (Eur J Epidemiol / PMC8604889), citing assay manufacturer reference interval ↗
- IgM (Immunglobulin M)
- Cleveland Clinic ↗
- Interleukin-6 (IL-6)
- laboratory reference interval ↗Eurofins-Viracor IL-6 Serum Test (1257) ↗MLabs (University of Michigan) Interleukin-6 Serum ↗
- Komplement C3
- Cleveland Clinic ↗
- Komplement C4
- Cleveland Clinic ↗
- Rheumafaktor (RF)
- Cleveland Clinic / general clinical laboratory reference ↗
Infektionen 4
- Anti-HCV (Hepatitis-C-Virus-Antikörper)
- CDC — Clinical Screening and Diagnosis for Hepatitis C ↗
- Hepatitis-C-Antikörper
- CDC — Clinical Screening and Diagnosis for Hepatitis C ↗
Leber 14
- Albumin
- Helix (lab reference intervals)MedlinePlus (NIH) ↗
- Alkalische Phosphatase (AP)
- Helix (lab reference intervals)NHS / Medical News Today (lab reference) ↗
- ALT (Alanin-Aminotransferase)
- Invitro (lab reference intervals)Cleveland Clinic — Alanine Transaminase (ALT) Blood Test ↗
- AST (Aspartat-Aminotransferase)
- Invitro (lab reference intervals)Cleveland Clinic (reference lab interval) / ACG Clinical Guideline 2017 (no universal AST ULN) ↗
- AST/ALT-Quotient (De-Ritis-Quotient)
- AST/ALT ratio (Wikipedia, citing clinical literature) ↗
- Bilirubin, gesamt
- Helix (lab reference intervals)
- Direktes Bilirubin
- UCSF Health ↗
- FIB-4-Index (Fibrosis-4)
- AASLD (NAFLD/MASLD clinical care pathway) ↗
- Gallensäuren, gesamt
- Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy – Time to redefine the reference range of total serum bile acids (Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand / PMC) ↗
- Gamma-GT (GGT)
- Reference lab interval (sex-specific); upper limit consistent with Cleveland Clinic (<50 U/L typical) ↗
- Gesamteiweiß
- Helix (lab reference intervals)Reference lab interval (consensus; MedlinePlus/NIH gives 65-81 g/L) ↗
- Indirektes Bilirubin (berechnet)
- EBMconsult — Lab Test: Bilirubin, Unconjugated, Indirect (Serum) ↗
Lipide 16
- ApoB/ApoA1-Quotient
- AMORIS cohort (Walldius et al., PLOS Medicine 2021) ↗
- Apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1)
- Cleveland Clinic ↗
- Apolipoprotein B (ApoB)
- laboratory reference interval ↗Cleveland Clinic ↗
- Atherogenitätskoeffizient
- Helix (lab reference intervals) ↗
- Chol/HDL-Quotient
- laboratory reference interval ↗Healthline (medically reviewed) ↗
- Gesamtcholesterin
- NCEP ATP III (via Cleveland Clinic / MedlinePlus) ↗NCEP ATP III (Cleveland Clinic) ↗
- HDL-Cholesterin
- British Heart Foundation (BHF) ↗
- LDL-Cholesterin
- MLabs (University of Michigan) / NCEP ATP III ↗NCEP ATP III (via MLabs reference lab) ↗
- LDL-Partikelzahl (LDL-P, NMR)
- OptimalDX research blog (LDL Particle Number / NMR), citing NMR LipoProfile interpretive cut-points; corroborated by NMR LipoProfile <1000 nmol/L optimal cut-point ↗
- Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)]
- National Lipid Association (2024 focused update) / European Atherosclerosis Society ↗National Lipid Association (2024 focused update) / EAS ↗National Lipid Association (2024 focused update) / EAS / ACC-AHA ↗
- Non-HDL-Cholesterin
- National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP ATP III), via University of Iowa Health Care Lab Handbook ↗NCEP ATP III (University of Iowa Health Care Lab Handbook) ↗
- Oxidiertes LDL (oxLDL)
- Quest Diagnostics (oxidized LDL reference interval, as cited by Optimal DX) ↗
- Remnant-Cholesterin (ber.)
- Remnant Cholesterol and Residual Risk of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease (review, PMC11868899) ↗
- Small Dense LDL-Cholesterin (sdLDL-C)
- Lamkin Clinic (advanced lipid lab reference) / ARIC Study (PMC3999643) ↗Lamkin Clinic (advanced lipid lab reference) ↗
- Triglyceride
- laboratory reference interval ↗NHLBI (NIH) — High Blood Triglycerides / NCEP ATP III ↗NCBI Bookshelf (Endotext) — Hypertriglyceridemia classification ↗
- VLDL-Cholesterin (ber.)
- Cleveland Clinic ↗
Niere 9
- Albumin im Urin (Mikroalbumin)
- StatPearls (NCBI) / KDIGO classification ↗StatPearls (NCBI) ↗
- Albumin-Kreatinin-Verhältnis im Urin (UACR)
- KDIGO 2024 CKD Guideline / NIDDK ↗KDIGO Albuminuria Categories (NCBI Bookshelf) ↗
- BUN/Kreatinin-Quotient
- MDCalc (BUN/Creatinine Ratio) ↗Labpedia (BUN/Creatinine Ratio) ↗
- Cystatin C
- Helix (lab reference intervals)Reference intervals for plasma cystatin C traceable to ERM-DA471/IFCC (Clin Biochem / PMC6817201) ↗
- Geschätzte glomeruläre Filtrationsrate (eGFR)
- National Kidney Foundation (NKF) ↗
- Harnsäure
- laboratory reference intervalFrontiers in Medicine - Urate Crystals; Beyond Joints (2021) ↗
- Harnstoff (BUN)
- Helix (lab reference intervals)UK National Pathology Harmonisation (via NHS reference labs: North West London Pathology, Oxford University Hospitals) ↗
- Kreatinin
- Helix (lab reference intervals)North Bristol NHS Trust (Severn Pathology) ↗
- Protein/Kreatinin-Quotient im Urin (UPCR)
- laboratory reference interval ↗Cleveland Clinic ↗
Schilddrüse 13
- Anti-TPO-Antikörper
- LabCorp (reference lab adult interval) ↗
- Freier-Thyroxin-Index (T7)
- OptimalDX (citing standard lab reference range) ↗
- Freies T4
- UCSF Health ↗
- Gesamt-T3 (Trijodthyronin, gesamt)
- Cleveland Clinic ↗
- Gesamt-T4 (Thyroxin, gesamt)
- URMC Health Encyclopedia (University of Rochester Medical Center) ↗
- Reverses T3 (rT3)
- LabCorp (Reverse T3, LC/MS-MS) ↗
- T3-Uptake (Bindungsverhältnis der Schilddrüsenhormone)
- SelfDecode Labs (T3 Uptake Blood Test) ↗
- Thyreoglobulin
- Lab assay-specific euthyroid reference interval (catalog default; thyroglobulin ranges are assay-dependent, commonly ~3-40 ng/mL per Medscape/CRM-457)
- Thyreoglobulin-Antikörper (Tg-AK)
- Medscape (Antithyroglobulin: Reference Range) ↗
- Thyreoidea-stimulierendes Hormon (TSH)
- Invitro (lab reference intervals)StatPearls (NCBI Bookshelf) — Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH) ↗MedlinePlus / clinical consensus (TSH 4.5-10 mIU/L = subclinical hypothyroidism) ↗Clinical consensus (TSH >=10 mIU/L = overt hypothyroidism) ↗
- Thyroxin-bindendes Globulin (TBG)
- MedlinePlus (NIH/NLM Medical Encyclopedia) ↗
- TSI (Thyreoidea-stimulierende Immunglobuline)
- University of Michigan Medical Laboratories (MLabs) ↗
Toxikologie 2
Tumormarker 13
- AFP (Alpha-Fetoprotein)
- Helix (lab reference intervals)
- AFP-L3 (Lens-culinaris-reaktives AFP)
- FUJIFILM Wako (µTASWako AFP-L3 Test, assay manufacturer) ↗FUJIFILM Wako (µTASWako AFP-L3 Test) ↗
- Beta-hCG
- ACOG Clinical Consensus (2026) / Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine ↗Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine (2021) ↗
- CA 15-3
- laboratory reference interval ↗University of Rochester Medical Center — Health Encyclopedia (CA 15-3) ↗
- CA-125
- Cleveland Clinic ↗
- Calcitonin
- MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia (NIH/NLM) — Calcitonin blood test ↗Medscape Reference (Calcitonin reference range) ↗Cancers 2023 — Update on Calcitonin Screening for Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma (12,984 patients) ↗
- CEA (karzinoembryonales Antigen)
- StatPearls (NIH/NCBI Bookshelf) — Carcinoembryonic Antigen ↗
- Des-Gamma-Carboxy-Prothrombin (DCP / PIVKA-II)
- Utility of PIVKA-II and AFP in Differentiating Hepatocellular Carcinoma from Non-Malignant High-Risk Patients (PMC9416286) ↗Utility of PIVKA-II and AFP in Differentiating HCC from Non-Malignant High-Risk Patients (PMC9416286) ↗What is the PIVKA-II cut-off value for diagnosing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)? (DrOracle clinical reference) ↗
- Freies PSA
- Lab-reported cutoff (catalog value); no authoritative guideline defines an absolute free-PSA ng/mL range
- Gastrin
- WebMD (Gastrin Test) ↗
- PSA (gesamt)
- American Cancer Society ↗
Urinanalyse 8
- Eiweiß im Urin (Teststreifen)
- AAFP - Proteinuria in Adults: A Diagnostic Approach ↗
- Erythrozyten im Urin (pro Gesichtsfeld)
- American Urological Association / SUFU Microhematuria Guideline (2020) ↗
- Ketone im Urin (Teststreifen)
- UCSF Health (A.D.A.M. / MedlinePlus encyclopedia) ↗
- Leukozyten im Urin (pro Gesichtsfeld)
- StatPearls (NCBI) — Urinalysis ↗
- Leukozytenesterase im Urin
- StatPearls (NCBI/NIH) — Urinalysis ↗
- Spezifisches Gewicht des Urins
- NCBI StatPearls (Urinalysis) ↗
- Urobilinogen im Urin
- MedlinePlus (U.S. National Library of Medicine, NIH) ↗
Verdauung 6
- Calprotectin (Stuhl)
- Helix (lab reference intervals)American Family Physician (AAFP) — Fecal Calprotectin for the Evaluation of Inflammatory Bowel Disease ↗NCBI Bookshelf — Faecal calprotectin testing for differentiating inflammatory and non-inflammatory bowel diseases: systematic review ↗
- Gewebetransglutaminase-Antikörper IgA (tTG-IgA)
- Labcorp Test 164640: Tissue Transglutaminase (tTG), IgA ↗
- Pankreas-Elastase (Stuhl)
- University of Michigan MLabs (Elastase, Pancreatic, Stool) ↗
- Test auf okkultes Blut im Stuhl (FOBT)
- Cleveland Clinic ↗
Vitalwerte und Körper (Apple Health) 19
- Aktive Energie
- App catalog target (no authoritative guideline defines a daily active-energy kcal normal range)
- Atemfrequenz (in Ruhe)
- NCBI StatPearls — Abnormal Respirations ↗
- Body-Mass-Index (BMI)
- CDC — Adult BMI Categories ↗
- Diastolischer Blutdruck
- laboratory reference interval ↗American Heart Association — Understanding Blood Pressure Readings ↗
- Gehgeschwindigkeit
- laboratory reference intervalPerry J, et al. Classification of walking handicap in the stroke population. Stroke. 1995 (cutoffs restated in Fritz & Lusardi, validated in PMC2587153) ↗Perry J, et al. Classification of walking handicap in the stroke population. Stroke. 1995 (validated in PMC2587153) ↗
- Herzratenvariabilität (RMSSD)
- Shaffer & Ginsberg, An Overview of HRV Metrics and Norms, Frontiers in Public Health 2017 (citing Nunan 2010 meta-analysis) ↗
- Körpertemperatur
- MedlinePlus (NIH National Library of Medicine) — Body temperature norms ↗MedlinePlus (NIH) / Cleveland Clinic ↗MedlinePlus (NIH) — Body temperature norms ↗StatPearls — Physiology, Fever (NCBI Bookshelf) ↗
- Mittlerer arterieller Druck (MAD)
- laboratory reference interval ↗StatPearls / NCBI Bookshelf - Physiology, Mean Arterial Pressure ↗
- Pulsdruck
- laboratory reference interval ↗NCBI StatPearls — Physiology, Pulse Pressure ↗Cleveland Clinic — Pulse Pressure ↗
- Ruheherzfrequenz
- American Heart Association ↗
- Schlafdauer
- National Sleep Foundation (Hirshkowitz et al., Sleep Health 2015) ↗CDC MMWR 2016 / AASM-SRS consensus ↗National Sleep Foundation (Hirshkowitz et al., 2015) ↗
- Schlafeffizienz
- National Sleep Foundation Sleep Quality Recommendations (Ohayon et al., 2017, Sleep Health) ↗National Sleep Foundation Sleep Quality Recommendations (Ohayon et al., 2017) ↗
- Systolischer Blutdruck
- laboratory reference intervalNHS - Low blood pressure (hypotension) ↗American Heart Association - Understanding Blood Pressure Readings ↗
- Tägliche Schritte
- Lancet Public Health 2022 meta-analysis (Paluch et al., 15 international cohorts) ↗Lancet Public Health 2022 meta-analysis (Paluch et al.) ↗Lancet Public Health 2025 dose-response meta-analysis (Ding et al.) ↗
- Taille-Hüft-Verhältnis (THV)
- WHO Expert Consultation on Waist Circumference and Waist-Hip Ratio (2008) ↗
Vitamine & Mineralstoffe 26
- Coeruloplasmin
- UCSF Health (MedlinePlus-sourced) ↗Cleveland Clinic ↗
- CTX (CrossLaps)
- Roche Elecsys β-CrossLaps reference values (as published by South Tees Hospitals NHS / University of Michigan MLabs) ↗
- Folat (B9)
- laboratory reference interval ↗Khan KM, Jialal I. Folic Acid Deficiency. StatPearls, NCBI Bookshelf ↗
- Holotranscobalamin (HoloTC)
- Eastern Pathology Alliance (NHS) — Holotranscobalamin (Active B12) ↗Gloucestershire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust — Active B12 (Holotranscobalamin) ↗
- Jod (Serum/Plasma)
- University of Michigan MLabs (Iodine, Serum) ↗
- Magnesium in Erythrozyten
- HealthMatters.io — Magnesium, RBC (Blood Health, lab results explained) ↗
- Methylmalonsäure (MMA)
- Cleveland Clinic ↗
- Osteocalcin
- Reference intervals for serum osteocalcin concentrations in adult men and women from the Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP), IDS-iSYS N-Mid Osteocalcin assay ↗SHIP study reference intervals (IDS-iSYS N-Mid Osteocalcin), PMC/NCBI ↗
- Präalbumin (Transthyretin)
- Ranasinghe et al., "Prealbumin: The clinical utility and analytical methodologies," Annals of Clinical Biochemistry (2022); concordant with StatPearls Nutritional Assessment (NCBI Bookshelf) ↗Ranasinghe et al., Annals of Clinical Biochemistry (2022) ↗
- PTH (Parathormon)
- Cleveland Clinic ↗
- Vitamin A (Retinol)
- NIH Office of Dietary Supplements — Vitamin A and Carotenoids Fact Sheet ↗
- Vitamin B1 (Thiamin)
- University of Michigan MLabs ↗
- Vitamin B12
- Reference lab interval (Roche/common immunoassay), consistent with StatPearls clinical cutoff ↗StatPearls (NCBI Bookshelf) ↗
- Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)
- StatPearls (Riboflavin Deficiency, NCBI Bookshelf) + literature (plasma riboflavin status study); current 6.2–39 nmol/L traces to Mayo Clinic Labs / HealthMatters.io ↗
- Vitamin B3 (Niacin)
- Labcorp Test 070115 (Vitamin B3, Niacin and Metabolite) — nicotinamide reference interval, via HealthMatters.io ↗
- Vitamin B5 (Pantothensäure)
- Mayo Clinic Laboratories (FPAB Pantothenic Acid Bioassay), corroborated via web search snippet ↗
- Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxal-5-Phosphat)
- University of Washington Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathology — Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxal 5-Phosphate) test guide ↗
- Vitamin C (Ascorbinsäure)
- Labpedia (clinical lab reference) ↗
- Vitamin D (1,25-OH) (Calcitriol)
- Ulta Lab Tests (LC-MS/MS reference interval) ↗
- Vitamin D (25-Hydroxy)
- NIH Office of Dietary Supplements (National Academy of Medicine thresholds) ↗NIH Office of Dietary Supplements / National Academy of Medicine ↗Institute of Medicine / Endocrine Society (toxicity hallmark) ↗
- Vitamin D (25-OH)
- Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline (2011), Holick et al., J Clin Endocrinol Metab ↗Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline (2011), Holick et al. ↗Vitamin D - StatPearls (NCBI), and Vitamin D Toxicity: A Clinical Perspective ↗
- Vitamin E (Alpha-Tocopherol)
- Merck Manual Professional Edition — Vitamin E Deficiency ↗